I am an applied economic theorist, which means that I spend my time thinking about and then modeling real situations that have captured my attention. I have worked in a number of areas of economics, including industrial organization, labour economics, economic geography, and organizational theory. I got my formal training in economics at the University of Colorado, receiving a B.A. in 1965 and a Ph.D. in 1969. I joined the Economics Department at the University of Calgary on July 1, 1999. Prior to joining this department, I worked at three other Canadian universities: The University of British Columbia (1969 to 1980), The University of Toronto (1981 to 1987), and Simon Fraser University (1987 to 1999).